#separator:Tab
#html:false
#tags column:5
IMF-099-03-0001-en	Why can the same event be experienced as threat by one person and challenge by another?	A stressor is the event, while stress is the organism's response and interpretation, shaped by predictability, control, resources, learning, and social meaning.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending
IMF-099-03-0002-en	Why is a single cortisol measurement difficult to interpret?	Cortisol follows a circadian rhythm and is secreted in pulses, so one value means little without its timing and clinical context.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending
IMF-099-03-0003-en	How does allostatic load arise, and why should stress not be reduced to an individual's attitude?	It is cumulative physiological cost from mediators repeatedly activated, failing to shut off, or compensating inefficiently; poverty, discrimination, unsafe work, caregiving, and isolation create sustained demand.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending
IMF-099-03-0004-en	When is problem-focused coping adaptive, and when may acceptance or emotional regulation be better?	No style is universally superior: direct action suits a controllable problem, while acceptance or emotional regulation may be adaptive when the problem is not controllable.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending
IMF-099-03-0005-en	Why is dopamine not simply a pleasure chemical, and how does this relate to addiction?	Dopamine contributes to learning which cues and actions predict reward; wanting and liking can dissociate, so a cue may exert intense motivational pull even when consumption gives little pleasure.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending
IMF-099-03-0006-en	According to expectancy-value accounts, why does information about risk often fail to change behaviour?	Action depends on expected success and outcome value modified by cost; risk information changes only one component, while expected failure or high immediate costs may dominate.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending
IMF-099-03-0007-en	How does self-efficacy differ from self-esteem, and how is it built?	It is confidence in performing a specific behaviour under specified conditions, not generic self-esteem, and grows through successful practice, credible modelling, useful encouragement, and interpreting physiological states.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending
IMF-099-03-0008-en	Why can external rewards undermine motivation, and how can clinicians recommend strongly without controlling?	Rewards experienced as controlling can weaken intrinsic interest; clinicians preserve agency by explaining reasons and adapting the plan to the patient's priorities, since informed choice is not abandonment.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending
IMF-099-03-0009-en	Why does changing knowledge alone have limited effect on an established habit, and what works instead?	Repetition in a stable context hands control to environmental cues, so habits persist even after the outcome loses value; altering cues, friction, sequence, and immediate reinforcement redesigns behaviour.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending
IMF-099-03-0010-en	How do implementation intentions help turn a distant intention into action, and how does coping planning differ from action planning?	They link a defined situation to a defined behaviour, creating a retrievable rule; action planning states where, when, and how, while coping planning states what to do when a barrier appears.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending
IMF-099-03-0011-en	In the capability-opportunity-motivation model, why can neither moral exhortation nor education fix every barrier?	Different gaps need different tools: training for capability, reminders for memory, environmental redesign for opportunity, and advice that is unaffordable or unsafe cannot be followed at all.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending
IMF-099-03-0012-en	Why can treating stage assignment as a diagnosis mislead, and how does motivational interviewing respond to ambivalence instead?	People do not always progress in order and stage boundaries are imprecise; motivational interviewing explores mixed motives collaboratively, elicits the person's own reasons, and avoids reflexive argument.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending
IMF-099-03-0013-en	Why can a relative risk quoted without baseline risk mislead, and what presentation improves understanding?	Without the baseline it can exaggerate benefit or harm; absolute frequencies with the same denominator, a relevant time period, and balanced outcomes improve understanding.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending
IMF-099-03-0014-en	Why is relapse common after behaviour change, and how should a lapse be handled?	Old cue-response pathways, rewards, stressors, and social contexts persist; a lapse is information about the plan, managed by rapid review, self-compassion, and a concrete restart to prevent abandonment.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 99, TTS module 3; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 80c4307338ce128d1c6c04f96d96b541d3005dd41fb66a520d56bfd36a699c1a; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::099 module::099-03 review::pending