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IMF-034-01-0001-en	Why should a skin eruption be described before it is named?	Dermatological diagnosis relies on morphology and distribution, so an accurate description of what is seen must come before the diagnostic label.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0002-en	How does the epidermis build a water-resistant barrier, and what follows when it is disrupted?	Basal cells proliferate, migrate outward, make keratin and lipids and flatten into corneocytes set in lipid layers; disruption increases water loss and lets irritants, allergens and pathogens enter.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0003-en	What mainly determines differences in skin colour, and how does melanin protect the skin?	Colour differences mainly reflect melanosome activity and distribution rather than melanocyte number; melanin transferred to keratinocytes absorbs ultraviolet radiation and limits DNA damage.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0004-en	How does the skin increase or reduce heat loss, and what mainly controls eccrine sweating?	Cutaneous vasodilation transfers core heat to the environment and vasoconstriction conserves it; eccrine sweat cools by evaporation under mainly sympathetic cholinergic control.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0005-en	Why does scratching tend to perpetuate itch?	Scratching briefly inhibits itch but damages the barrier, which sustains an itch-scratch cycle.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0006-en	In describing a rash, how are scale, crust, erosion and lichenification classified differently from vesicles, pustules and wheals?	Scale, crust, erosion and lichenification are secondary changes, whereas vesicles, pustules and wheals are primary lesions; both are recorded with colour, surface, border and blanching.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0007-en	What does diascopy test, and how does dermoscopy differ from it?	Diascopy tests whether colour blanches under pressure; dermoscopy reveals subsurface pigment and vascular structures but requires training.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0008-en	Why is food avoidance without evidence discouraged in atopic dermatitis, and what does management rely on instead?	Unsupported food avoidance can cause nutritional harm; management uses emollients, irritant avoidance, topical anti-inflammatory therapy, infection treatment when present, and escalation for severe disease.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0009-en	How do irritant and allergic contact dermatitis differ in mechanism, and what does patch testing detect?	Irritant dermatitis is direct barrier injury, while allergic dermatitis is delayed hypersensitivity; patch testing identifies selected allergens and is not immediate allergy testing.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0010-en	Why is psoriasis regarded as more than a skin disease?	It is a systemic inflammatory disease that can involve nails and joints and is associated with cardiometabolic and psychological burden.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0011-en	Which features of individual urticarial lesions reflect their mechanism, and when is immediate adrenaline needed?	Mast-cell mediators cause transient itchy wheals that usually resolve within a day without scale or bruising; airway, breathing, circulation or anaphylaxis features require immediate adrenaline.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0012-en	Why do bilateral red legs argue against cellulitis?	Cellulitis is a spreading dermal and subcutaneous infection that is usually unilateral, whereas bilateral red legs more often reflect non-infectious inflammation or venous disease.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0013-en	Which findings suggest necrotising infection, and why must imaging not delay action?	Pain out of proportion, rapid progression, bullae, skin anaesthesia, crepitus, shock or organ dysfunction suggest it, and immediate surgical exploration with broad antimicrobial treatment is essential.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0014-en	What distribution does varicella-zoster reactivation follow, and why is early antiviral treatment important in high-risk sites and hosts?	It follows a sensory distribution and can cause persistent neuralgia, eye disease, ear-facial syndromes or dissemination, so early antivirals matter where these risks are high.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0015-en	Why should suspected dermatophyte or Candida infection be sampled before treatment?	Dermatophytes infect keratinised skin, hair and nails with an often active scaly border, and Candida favours moist folds and mucosa; sampling prevents inappropriate treatment.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0016-en	How do keratinocytes, fibroblasts, angiogenesis and contraction each contribute to wound healing?	Keratinocytes close the surface, fibroblasts deposit matrix, angiogenesis supplies granulation tissue, and contraction reduces area; scar strength rises for months but never matches uninjured skin.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0017-en	How do venous, arterial and neuropathic ulcers differ in site and associated features?	Venous ulcers lie near the gaiter region with oedema, pigmentation and lipodermatosclerosis; arterial ulcers are painful, distal and poorly perfused; neuropathic ulcers occur at pressure points with sensory loss.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0018-en	Why are healing pressure injuries not reverse-staged?	Staging describes visible depth rather than a simple linear progression, so a healing lesion is not moved back down the stages.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0019-en	How do superficial and deeper burns differ on examination, and why do circumferential burns matter?	Superficial burns are painful and blanch, whereas deeper burns may be pale, mottled, leathery or insensate; circumferential burns can compromise circulation or ventilation.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0020-en	How should a thermal burn be cooled in first aid, and what should be avoided?	Cool it with running water without causing hypothermia, cover cleanly and give analgesia; avoid ice, and do not give routine systemic antibiotics without infection.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0021-en	What distinguishes Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis from a common morbilliform drug eruption?	They cause painful skin, mucosal erosions, blistering and epidermal detachment, whereas concern in a morbilliform eruption depends on timing and systemic findings; suspected drugs are stopped.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0022-en	Why does extensive autoimmune blistering behave like a systemic emergency?	Antibodies against adhesion structures cause blistering, and extensive blistering produces fluid loss, infection risk, pain, temperature instability and nutritional burden.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0023-en	How do basal-cell and squamous-cell carcinoma differ in behaviour?	Basal-cell carcinoma grows slowly and rarely metastasises but can invade locally; squamous-cell carcinoma may grow rapidly and has greater metastatic potential in high-risk contexts.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending
IMF-034-01-0024-en	Which melanoma warning feature carries most weight, and why can a symmetric lesion still be melanoma?	Among asymmetry, border, colour and diameter or growth, evolution or an outlier lesion matters most; nodular melanoma may be symmetric but rapidly enlarging.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 34, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 8e612eb3f484ac00b88c0db93e7972c7caea9419d65b19d13d48eec4aea6d242; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::034 module::034-01 review::pending