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IMF-030-01-0001-en	How does the time course of neurological dysfunction steer the initial differential diagnosis?	Sudden focal deficit suggests vascular injury until proven otherwise, episodic stereotyped dysfunction suggests seizure or transient disturbance, and progressive decline suggests degeneration, tumour, inflammation, or compression.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0002-en	Why do localisation and stabilisation proceed together in acute neurology?	Definitive treatment often depends on minutes, so airway, breathing, circulation, glucose, temperature, seizures, and rapidly reversible causes are addressed while the lesion is localised.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0003-en	Why is part of the territory beyond an arterial occlusion potentially salvageable?	Because brain stores little substrate, occlusion creates an irreversibly injured core, but the surrounding hypoperfused penumbra may recover if flow returns.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0004-en	Why does a transient ischaemic attack with rapidly resolved symptoms still need urgent evaluation?	It is transient focal dysfunction without established infarction, but the early risk of stroke can be high.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0005-en	How does the side of an anterior-circulation stroke change its cognitive signs?	Dominant-hemisphere lesions cause aphasia and non-dominant lesions cause neglect, alongside contralateral weakness, sensory loss, visual-field loss, or gaze deviation.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0006-en	Isolated dizziness is usually not stroke. When should a vestibular presentation still prompt caution?	When an abrupt, severe, persistent vestibular syndrome has central signs, because posterior-circulation disease combines vertigo with diplopia, dysarthria, ataxia, or crossed signs.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0007-en	What does early non-contrast computed tomography establish in acute stroke, and what can it not exclude?	It rapidly distinguishes haemorrhage and major structural mimics, but a normal early scan does not exclude ischaemia; vascular imaging is needed to identify treatable occlusion.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0008-en	Why can some patients who present late still receive mechanical thrombectomy?	In selected large-vessel occlusion, thrombectomy can restore flow when imaging shows salvageable tissue, so eligibility is not set by elapsed time alone.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0009-en	Why should blood pressure not be lowered rapidly and indiscriminately in acute stroke?	Indiscriminate rapid reduction can reduce flow to the penumbra, so pressure targets are set by the reperfusion plan and comorbidity.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0010-en	What principle guides secondary prevention after stroke?	It targets the causal mechanism through antithrombotic therapy, rhythm detection, vascular risk control, carotid intervention when indicated, and rehabilitation.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0011-en	By what mechanisms does intracerebral haemorrhage injure the brain?	Through direct tissue disruption, mass effect, and oedema, and sometimes by obstructing the ventricles.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0012-en	Why does aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage require early securing of the aneurysm and ongoing monitoring?	The aneurysm can rebleed, and vasospasm, hydrocephalus, seizures, and sodium disturbance can follow, so it is secured early with pressure control, nimodipine, and monitoring.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0013-en	How does epilepsy differ from having had a seizure?	A seizure is transient excessive or synchronous neuronal activity, whereas epilepsy is an enduring predisposition to unprovoked seizures, so not every provoked event counts.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0014-en	Why does a normal electroencephalogram not settle whether a patient has epilepsy?	Electroencephalography supports classification and recurrence risk, but a normal recording does not exclude epilepsy; magnetic resonance imaging separately seeks a structural cause.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0015-en	When does a convulsive seizure become status epilepticus, and how is persistent coma afterwards approached?	At about five minutes or recurrence without recovery: give a benzodiazepine promptly, then a longer-acting antiseizure medicine; persistent coma may be non-convulsive status and needs electroencephalography.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0016-en	Why does intracranial pressure rise steeply once compensation is used up?	The rigid skull initially compensates by shifting venous blood and cerebrospinal fluid, but once that reserve is exhausted, small volume increments sharply raise pressure.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0017-en	What does the combination of hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular respiration signify in raised intracranial pressure?	It is a late sign of dangerous brainstem distortion; papilloedema can be absent in acute deterioration, so its absence does not reassure.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0018-en	What is the role of brief controlled hyperventilation in raised intracranial pressure?	It is a rescue bridge in imminent herniation, not routine therapy; definitive treatment may require lesion evacuation, cerebrospinal-fluid drainage, or decompression.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0019-en	How should cultures, antimicrobials, and investigations be sequenced in suspected meningitis?	Obtain cultures and begin empirical antimicrobials promptly without harmful delay for imaging or lumbar puncture; cerebrospinal-fluid pattern, molecular tests, immune status, and exposure then refine diagnosis.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0020-en	What lesion pattern defines multiple sclerosis, and how do relapse treatment and disease-modifying therapy differ in purpose?	Inflammatory demyelinating lesions disseminated in time and central nervous system space; corticosteroids may treat acute relapses, while disease-modifying therapy reduces future inflammatory activity.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0021-en	Why can small-fibre neuropathy be missed by routine testing, and how does large-fibre injury differ?	Small-fibre injury causes burning pain and autonomic symptoms with relatively preserved strength and routine nerve-conduction studies, whereas large-fibre injury impairs vibration, proprioception, reflexes, and balance.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0022-en	What must be monitored in Guillain-Barre syndrome, and which treatments modify the disease?	Vital capacity, swallowing, rhythm, and pressure, because deterioration can be abrupt; intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchange modifies disease, whereas corticosteroids alone do not.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0023-en	What clinical combination distinguishes Lewy body disease from Alzheimer disease?	Alzheimer disease begins with progressive episodic-memory impairment, whereas Lewy body disease combines cognitive fluctuation, visual hallucinations, parkinsonism, sleep behaviour disorder, and autonomic dysfunction.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending
IMF-030-01-0024-en	Because diagnosis of neurodegeneration remains clinical, which reversible contributors must be considered?	Drugs, depression, sleep apnoea, sensory loss, thyroid disturbance, vitamin deficiency, hydrocephalus, infection, and subdural blood, since these can be corrected.	Integrated Medical Foundations; chapter 30, TTS module 1; https://theisegoria.github.io/medical-textbook/integrated-medical-foundations-expanded-english.md; module SHA256 at export: 3b9fcd11b42052280346c36ee5f7e7f58b94926d10a22074c9b528e0aead917f; editorial review pending	imf lang::en chapter::030 module::030-01 review::pending